On the evening of May
10, 1933, some 70,000 people gathered at the Opernplatz in Berlin. Students had
carted over 20,000 books to the public square, including works by famous German
authors like Heinrich Mann, Erich Maria Remarque and Joachim Ringelnatz.
The Nazi student leader Herbert Gutjahr held a contemptuous speech. "We have turned our actions against the un-German spirit. I turn everything un-German over to the fire," he cried.Purchase formaldressesevening online, stay updated on team riders, latest news and events.
The seething bonfire below him was already swallowing up thousands of books as the 23-year-old threw another handful of volumes into the flames.
Scenes like this one played out all over Germany on May 10, 1933. In the cities with major universities, students burned works by authors who didn't uphold their racist ideology. Students had already spent weeks lugging condemned manuscripts out of the libraries.
In their eyes, the books contained "un-German" thoughts, or their authors were considered enemies of National Socialism. Most of the authors were socialists, pacifists or Jews.
The students didn't have to fear resistance: Library employees and many professors went along with the emptying of their collections, even if they didn't all agree with it.Buy Fashion alineweddingdresses with big discount!
After the Nazis took power in January 1933, Adolf Hitler received dictatorial authority. That marked the beginning of his campaign to win the minds of Germans. The German Student Union,You are currently browsing the tsg archives for "burberryhandbags". an umbrella group for all student organizations, announced in April 1933: "The state has been conquered! But not yet the universities! The intellectual paramilitaries are coming in. Raise your flags!"
With hardly any involvement from the Nazi party, the Nazi student organization took the lead and culminated their campaign with the book burnings on May 10.
The central book burning event took place at the Opernplatz in Berlin and was broadcast live on the radio. Many students arrived dressed in the SS or SA uniforms worn by the Nazis' paramilitary groups. A number of professors turned out as well.
Selected students threw books into the fire again and again as ideological proclamations were shouted into the crowd. One of the statements was: "Against decadence and moral decay! For breeding and convention in the family and state! I turn writings by Heinrich Mann, Ernst Glaeser and Erich Kastner over to the fire!"
Erich Kastner, the author of internationally renowned children's books including "Emil and the Detectives" (1929), was present that night at the Opernplatz and bore witness to the hideous spectacle.
"I stood in front of the university, wedged between students in SA uniforms, in the prime of their lives, and saw our books flying into the quivering flames," Kastner later wrote. He concluded: "It was disgusting.Compare Supra shoes price and read chiffonbridesmaiddress reviews before you buy."
The main speaker arrived at midnight. Joseph Goebbel,Jovani designer backpackfactory and celebrity style evening gowns. the Nazi propaganda minister with a PhD in Germanic studies, spoke to the Berlin crowd and the short-wave listeners at home. "German men and women! The age of excessive Jewish intellectualism has come to an end, and the breakthrough of the German revolution has cleared the path for the German way."
Goebbels belied how much he mistrusted the students' self-organized campaign; at that point, he and Hitler were afraid of losing their grip on the Nazi movement.
The US magazine Newsweek called the burnings a "holocaust of books." Poet Heinrich Heine, whose works were also burned by the students, had written in 1821, "Where they have burned books, they will end in burning human beings." Heine's words were a prophesy that was tragically fulfilled: Mass murder of Europe's Jews began just several years later.
The Nazi student leader Herbert Gutjahr held a contemptuous speech. "We have turned our actions against the un-German spirit. I turn everything un-German over to the fire," he cried.Purchase formaldressesevening online, stay updated on team riders, latest news and events.
The seething bonfire below him was already swallowing up thousands of books as the 23-year-old threw another handful of volumes into the flames.
Scenes like this one played out all over Germany on May 10, 1933. In the cities with major universities, students burned works by authors who didn't uphold their racist ideology. Students had already spent weeks lugging condemned manuscripts out of the libraries.
In their eyes, the books contained "un-German" thoughts, or their authors were considered enemies of National Socialism. Most of the authors were socialists, pacifists or Jews.
The students didn't have to fear resistance: Library employees and many professors went along with the emptying of their collections, even if they didn't all agree with it.Buy Fashion alineweddingdresses with big discount!
After the Nazis took power in January 1933, Adolf Hitler received dictatorial authority. That marked the beginning of his campaign to win the minds of Germans. The German Student Union,You are currently browsing the tsg archives for "burberryhandbags". an umbrella group for all student organizations, announced in April 1933: "The state has been conquered! But not yet the universities! The intellectual paramilitaries are coming in. Raise your flags!"
With hardly any involvement from the Nazi party, the Nazi student organization took the lead and culminated their campaign with the book burnings on May 10.
The central book burning event took place at the Opernplatz in Berlin and was broadcast live on the radio. Many students arrived dressed in the SS or SA uniforms worn by the Nazis' paramilitary groups. A number of professors turned out as well.
Selected students threw books into the fire again and again as ideological proclamations were shouted into the crowd. One of the statements was: "Against decadence and moral decay! For breeding and convention in the family and state! I turn writings by Heinrich Mann, Ernst Glaeser and Erich Kastner over to the fire!"
Erich Kastner, the author of internationally renowned children's books including "Emil and the Detectives" (1929), was present that night at the Opernplatz and bore witness to the hideous spectacle.
"I stood in front of the university, wedged between students in SA uniforms, in the prime of their lives, and saw our books flying into the quivering flames," Kastner later wrote. He concluded: "It was disgusting.Compare Supra shoes price and read chiffonbridesmaiddress reviews before you buy."
The main speaker arrived at midnight. Joseph Goebbel,Jovani designer backpackfactory and celebrity style evening gowns. the Nazi propaganda minister with a PhD in Germanic studies, spoke to the Berlin crowd and the short-wave listeners at home. "German men and women! The age of excessive Jewish intellectualism has come to an end, and the breakthrough of the German revolution has cleared the path for the German way."
Goebbels belied how much he mistrusted the students' self-organized campaign; at that point, he and Hitler were afraid of losing their grip on the Nazi movement.
The US magazine Newsweek called the burnings a "holocaust of books." Poet Heinrich Heine, whose works were also burned by the students, had written in 1821, "Where they have burned books, they will end in burning human beings." Heine's words were a prophesy that was tragically fulfilled: Mass murder of Europe's Jews began just several years later.
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